The ecological model of health can help us better understand how to reduce the inequity in accessing cancer prevention initiatives and programs for Indigenous communities in Ontario. The ecological model, specifically the social-ecological approach, affirms that an individual's health is influenced by interactions between the individual, society, culture, organizations, community and policy (Early, 2016).
This model is also a tool that can redefine healthcare policy beyond offering traditional services for the individual by engaging directly with communities and organizations to learn about their specific needs to improve policy (Early,2016). As a result, policymakers will recognize the importance of the interpersonal connections between individuals, organizations, and communities (Early, 2016). They can redefine health by moving away from a one-size-fits-all approach and focus on these communities' specific physical, social and political needs.
How can this model of health be applied to Indigenous communities in Ontario? Firstly, it would provide research-based information on the unique chronic illness and cancer prevention needs of populations represented by the First Nations, Inuit, Metis and Urban Indigenous communities. The result will show that "poverty and negative social conditions experienced by many [Indigenous] peoples affect cancer incidence, survival, and prevention" (Ahmed et al., 2015).
Secondly, the social-ecological method requires developing relationships with Indigenous community leaders, knowledge keepers and partners within these communities. Through “community-based partners,” cancer prevention programs can be delivered by understanding the importance of incorporating nature and traditional holistic treatments (Ahmed et al., 2015). For the individual community member, it will provide a safe and positive space to access education on chronic illness, cancer prevention resources and programs and implementing changes in lifestyle choices.
References:
Early, J. (2016). Health is More than Healthcare: It’s Time for a Social Ecological Approach. Journal of Nursing and Health Studies, 1, 1-2. https://doi:10.21767/2574-2825.100002
Ahmed, S., Shahid, R. K., & Episkenew, J. A. (2015). Disparity in cancer prevention and screening in Aboriginal populations: Recommendations for action. Current Oncology, 22(6), 417–426. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.22.2599
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